Infra-red radiometry in the German Bight     

Dipl.-Oz. Gerd Axel Becker  Dr. Klaus Huber  Dipl.-Oz. Hans Krause 《Ocean Dynamics》1979,32(1):19-26

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Pyroxenes in Serra de Magé: cooling history in comparison with Moama and Moore County     

George E. Harlow  C.E. Nehru  Martin Prinz  G. Jeffrey Taylor  Klaus Keil 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1979,43(2):173-181

Single-crystal X-ray, optical, and microprobe study of pyroxenes in the Serra de Magéfeldspar cumulate eucrite indicate complex exsolution features from a slow cooling history. Two pyroxenes now exist: “low” orthohypersthene ( P2₁ca) as host ( ～82 vol.%) and augite ( C2/c) in four distinct habits. This pyroxene pair yields an apparent “equilibration” temperature of ～900°. These relations are typical for orthopyroxene of both the Stillwater and Kintoki-San types, indicating an original pigeonite pyroxene with a bulk composition En₅₁Fs₃₉Wo₁₀. Variations in augite-hypersthene textural relationships suggest variable initial compositions from about Wo₈ to Wo₁₁. The bulk composition is intermediate to those of initial pigeonites in Moama and Moore County but the augite-hypersthene tie line is longer suggesting a slower cooling history. Our examinations of all three meteorites show that Serra de Magéaugite lamellae are as thick or thicker than those in the other meteorites, contrary to the measurement of Miyamoto and Takeda. The compositional data, textural relations, and existence of P2₁ca hypersthene suggest at least a comparable if not slower cooling history for Serra de Magé.  相似文献   

Sedimentation und Tektonik im mittleren Abschnitt des Rio Toro in der Ostkordillere NW-Argentiniens     

Prof. Dr. Klaus Schwab  Dr. Andreas Schäfer 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1976,65(1):175-194

Zusammenfassung Die bis 5000 m mächtigen jungkänozoischen Sedimente im Hangenden der Grupo Salta wurden im Mittelabschnitt der Quebrada del Toro auskartiert und gegliedert, wobei ein vorwiegend aus Vulkanitkomponenten bestehendes Konglomerat als Leithorizont diente. Auf diese Sedimente sind von West und Ost ältere Gesteine aufgeschoben, so daß sie heute nur noch in dem Rio Toro-Keilgraben erhalten sind. Anhand der wechselnden Geröllführung und lokaler Diskordanzen läßt sich nachweisen, daß durch die Hebung der westlichen und östlichen Randschollen der kontinentale Sedimentationsraum zunehmend eingeengt wurde. Die terrestrischen Sedimente im Rio ToroKeilgraben wurden erst zu einem relativ späten Zeitpunkt der Schollenbewegungen gefaltet und verworfen.Die jüngsten Sedimente — Terrassen und Schuttfächerablagerungen — lassen sich dem heutigen Flußbett des Rio Toro zuordnen.

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In the central part of the Quebrada del Toro up to 5000 m continental sediments of Upper Cenozoic age on top of the Salta Group have been mapped and divided into several units. A conglomerate, which is mainly composed of volcanic pebbles could be used as a marker. From west and east older rocks have been thrusted on these sediments, which therefore are preserved only in the Rio Toro-Keilgraben. By means of changing gravel associations and local unconformaties it can be shown, that the uplift of the western and eastern border made the basin of continental sedimentation narrower. The terrestrial sediments in the Rio Toro-Keilgraben have been folded and faulted only at a relatively late stage of the block movements.The youngest sediments, alluvial terraces and fan deposits, can be related to the recent bed of the Rio Toro.

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Resumen En la parte central de la Quebrada del Toro hasta 5000 m de sedimentos continentales del Cenozico superior han sido levantados y subdividos en algunos unidades, usando coma estrato guía un conglomerado compuesto en la mayor parte de rodados volcanicos. Del oeste y del este rocas más viejas han sido corridas sobre estos sedimentos, los quales han sido conservados solamente en el Río Toro-Keilgraben. Considerando el cambio en la asociación de rodados y las discordancias locales se puede provar que por el levantamiento de los bordes occidentales y orientales la cuenca sedimentaria continental fue estrechada. En un momento relativamente tarde en el desarollo tectonico los sedimentos continentales en el Rio Toro-Keilgraben fueron plegados y fallados.Los depositos más recientes, terrazzas y conos de deyección pueden ser relacionados con el cauce del Río Toro.

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Résumé Les sédiments d'âge cénozoïque supérieur, de près de 5000 m d'épaisseur qui se trouvent au-dessus du Groupe de Salta, ont fait l'objet de levés dans la partie centrale de la Quebrada del Toro. Un conglomérat se composant en majeure partie de galets volcaniques a servi de repère. Ces sédiments sont surmontés de roches plus anciennes, sous l'effet de chevauchements venant de l'Ouest et de l'Est, si bien que de nos jours on ne les trouve que dans le graben en coin du Rio Toro. On peut prouver, grâce au contenu variable des galets et à des discordances locales, que le soulèvement des bordures occidentale et orientale a causé un resserrement du bassin continental de sédimentation. Les sédiments terrestres dans le graben en coin du Rio Toro ont été plissés et disloqués seulement à une époque relativement tardive au cours des mouvements des blocs.Les sédiments les plus récents — terrasses d'accumulation et cônes d'alluvions — sont à mettre en liaison avec le lit actuel du Rio Toro.

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- Grupo Salta Quebrada del , , . , -. , . - . — — -.

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Geänderte Fassung eines auf der 64. Jahrestagung der Geologischen Vereinigung 1974 in Bochum gehaltenen Vortrages.  相似文献   

Über Zusammenhänge zwischen der Eisführung des Ostgrönlandstroms und der atmosphärischen Zirkulation über dem Nordpolarmeer     

Klaus Strübing 《Ocean Dynamics》1967,20(6):257-265

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Echo sounding on suspended particulate matter in the elbe estuary     

Jobst Hülsemann  Hendrik Eden  Klaus Ricklefs 《Ocean Dynamics》1995,47(1):23-45

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Petrogenesis of anomalous Queen Alexandra Range enstatite meteorites and their relation to enstatite chondrites,primitive enstatite achondrites,and aubrites     

Deon van Niekerk  Klaus Keil  Munir Humayun 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2014,49(3):295-312

Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) meteorite 94204 is an anomalous enstatite meteorite whose petrogenesis has been ascribed to either partial melting or impact melting. We studied the meteorite pairs QUE 94204, 97289/97348, 99059/99122/99157/99158/99387, and Yamato (Y)‐793225; these were previously suggested to represent a new grouplet. We present new data for mineral abundances, mineral chemistries, and siderophile trace element compositions (of Fe,Ni metal) in these meteorites. We find that the texture and composition of Y‐793225 are related to EL6, and that this meteorite is unrelated to the QUEs. The mineralogy and siderophile element compositions of the QUEs are consistent with petrogenesis from an enstatite chondrite precursor. We caution that potential re‐equilibration during melting and recrystallization of enstatite chondrite melt‐rocks make it unreliable to use mineral chemistries to assign a specific parent body affinity (i.e., EH or EL). The QUEs have similar mineral chemistries among themselves, while slight variations in texture and modal abundances exist between them. They are dominated by inclusion‐bearing millimeter‐sized enstatite (average En_99.1–99.5) with interstitial spaces filled predominantly by oligoclase feldspar (sometimes zoned), kamacite (Si approximately 2.4 wt%), troilite (≤2.4 wt% Ti), and cristobalite. Siderophile elements that partition compatibly between solid metal and liquid metal are not enriched like in partial melt residues Itqiy and Northwest Africa (NWA) 2526. We find that the modal compositions of the QUEs are broadly unfractionated with respect to enstatite chondrites. We conclude that a petrogenesis by impact melting, not partial melting, is most consistent with our observations.  相似文献   

Emerging Contaminants versus Micro‐pollutants     

Klaus Kümmerer 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(10):889-890

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Editorial: The Depositional Record     

Peter K. Swart  Paul A. Carling  Adrian M. Immenhauser  James S. Klaus 《Sedimentology》2014,61(6):1485-1485

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Interdecadal variability of winter precipitation in Southeast China     

Ling Zhang  Xiuhua Zhu  Klaus Fraedrich  Frank Sielmann  Xiefei Zhi 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(7-8):2239-2248

Interdecadal variability of observed winter precipitation in Southeast China (1961–2010) is characterized by the first empirical orthogonal function of the three-monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) subjected to a 9-year running mean. For interdecadal time scales the dominating spatial modes represent monopole features involving the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Dynamic composite analysis (based on NCEP/NCAR reanalyzes) reveals the following results: (1) Interdecadal SPI-variations show a trend from a dryer state in the 1970s via an increase during the 1980s towards stabilization on wetter conditions commencing with the 1990s. (2) Increasing wetness in Southeast China is attributed to an abnormal anticyclone over south Japan, with northward transport of warm and humid air from the tropical Pacific to South China. (3) In mid-to-high latitudes the weakened southward flow of polar airmasses induces low-level warming over Eurasia due to stronger AO by warmer zonal temperature advection. This indicates that AO is attributed to the Southeast China precipitation increase influenced by circulation anomalies over the mid-to-high latitudes. (4) The abnormal moisture transport along the southwestern boundary of the abnormal anticyclone over south Japan is related to anomalous south-easterlies modulated by the SST anomalies over Western Pacific Ocean; a positive (negative) SST anomaly will strengthen (weaken) warm and humid air transport, leading to abundant (reduced) precipitation in Southeast China. That is both AO and SST anomalies determine the nonlinear trend observed in winter precipitation over Southeast China.  相似文献   

193nm ArF准分子激光系统对LA-ICP-MS分析中不同基体的剥蚀行为和剥蚀速率探究   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

吴石头  许春雪  Klaus Simon  肖益林  王亚平 《岩矿测试》2017,36(5):451-459

探究LA-ICP-MS分析中不同基体的剥蚀行为和剥蚀速率,可为激光参数设定、基体匹配选择、数据质量保证等方面提供重要参考。本文研究了193 nm ArF准分子激光系统对人工合成/地质样品玻璃、常见矿物和粉末压片的剥蚀行为,同时探究了激光参数(束斑直径、能量密度和剥蚀频率)对剥蚀速率的影响情况。从剥蚀坑形貌可知,193nm ArF激光对玻璃和绝大多数矿物的剥蚀行为良好,但对石英相对较差,这可能与石英内含有微观包裹体,剥蚀过程中局部受热不均有关。粉末压片的剥蚀行为呈现出不可控,可通过提高粉末压片的压制压力或降低粉末颗粒的粒径来改善剥蚀行为;当剥蚀深度大于1.5倍束斑直径时,剥蚀速率随剥蚀深度的增加而逐渐减小,剥蚀深度最多可达束斑直径的两倍左右(RESOlution M-50型号激光系统,3.0 J/cm2激光能量密度);剥蚀速率随激光能量密度的增加而增大,但基本不受剥蚀频率(2~20 Hz)影响。不同基体具有特征的剥蚀速率,本文报道了43种基体的剥蚀速率参数,总体而言,NIST系列玻璃的剥蚀速率大于地质样品玻璃,碳酸盐矿物和硫化物矿物大于硅酸岩矿物,粉末压片大于玻璃和常见矿物。  相似文献